{"id":3396,"date":"2025-05-21T03:40:23","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T03:40:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/?p=3396"},"modified":"2025-05-21T03:53:55","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T03:53:55","slug":"engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#Abstract\" >\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#1_In-depth_analysis_of_material_properties\" >1. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#11_Double-edged_sword_of_mechanical_properties\" >1.1 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#12_Breakthrough_in_temperature_tolerance\" >1.2 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#2_Core_advantage_matrix_8_major_features\" >2. \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (8 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#21_King_of_dynamic_load_fatigue_strength\" >2.1 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#22_Economics_of_self-lubricating_properties\" >2.2 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#23_Chemical_stability_map\" >2.3 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#III_Application_defects_and_countermeasures_4_major_challenges\" >\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627. \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 (4 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#31_Dimension_variation_caused_by_water_absorption\" >3.1 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#32_UV_aging_mechanism\" >3.2 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#4_Frontier_of_innovative_applications\" >4. \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#41_Automobile_lightweight_revolution\" >4.1 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#42_3D_printing_material_breakthrough\" >4.2 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/engineering-pa-plastic-key-strength-weakness\/#Summary\" >\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"abstract\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Abstract\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 (PA) 35% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (-40 \u2103 \u0625\u0644\u0649 250 \u2103) (Grand View Research\u060c 2022). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f PA \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f (\uff1e60MPa) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 (0.15-0.4)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (8% \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0629) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 BASF\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f PA66-GF30 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 250 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"1-in-depth-analysis-of-material-properties\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_In-depth_analysis_of_material_properties\"><\/span>1. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"1-1-double-edged-sword-of-mechanical-properties\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_Double-edged_sword_of_mechanical_properties\"><\/span>1.1 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (60-80 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644) \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (60-80 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644) \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a (55 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 (2-4 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644) \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 1\/10 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644: \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0646\u0629 \u0644 PA66 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0644\/\u0645\u00b2 (ASTM D256)\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 ABS<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 BMW i3 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/products\/nylon-6\/pa6-glass-fiber\/\">PA6-GF30<\/a> \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 40%<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.plasticsindustry.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"1-2-breakthrough-in-temperature-tolerance\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Breakthrough_in_temperature_tolerance\"><\/span>1.2 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 HDT \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 300% \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a PA46 160 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 290 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (UL746B)<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 PA9T\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 175 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a: [ISO 75-2] \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a [ISO 75-2]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"2-core-advantage-matrix-8-major-features-\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Core_advantage_matrix_8_major_features\"><\/span>2. \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (8 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"2-1-king-of-dynamic-load-fatigue-strength-\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_King_of_dynamic_load_fatigue_strength\"><\/span>2.1 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0628\u0639\u062f 10\u2077 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631, <a href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/products\/nylon-66\/\">PA66<\/a> \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 85% \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (ISO 13003)<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/products\/nylon-12\/\">PA12<\/a>\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 5 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0621 ScienceDirect<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"2-2-economics-of-self-lubricating-properties\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_Economics_of_self-lubricating_properties\"><\/span>2.2 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 0.15-0.25\u060c 30% \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 PTFE<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 Schaeffler \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 PA6+MoS\u2082\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 5 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629: \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 3.2 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u060c 2021)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"2-3-chemical-stability-map\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23_Chemical_stability_map\"><\/span>2.3 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 PH4-9\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 &lt;0.5 \u062c\u0645\/\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/products\/nylon-612\/\">PA612<\/a> \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 DIN 73378<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629: [SAE J30] \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f [SAE J30]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"iii-application-defects-and-countermeasures-4-major-challenges-\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"III_Application_defects_and_countermeasures_4_major_challenges\"><\/span>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627. \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 (4 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"3-1-dimension-variation-caused-by-water-absorption\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"31_Dimension_variation_caused_by_water_absorption\"><\/span>3.1 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 1.5-2% (ISO 62)<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646\u062c\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/products\/nylon-6\/\">PA6<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 60%<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a PA12 (\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 0.25%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"3-2-uv-aging-mechanism\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"32_UV_aging_mechanism\"><\/span>3.2 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0628\u0639\u062f 300 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 QUV\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 40%<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 DuPont Zytel\u00ae HTN \u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 8 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629: [ASTM G154] \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644 [ASTM G154]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"4-frontier-of-innovative-applications\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Frontier_of_innovative_applications\"><\/span>4. \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"4-1-automobile-lightweight-revolution\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"41_Automobile_lightweight_revolution\"><\/span>4.1 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0633-\u0628\u0646\u0632 EQXX \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0644 PA\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 300%<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"4-2-3d-printing-material-breakthrough\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42_3D_printing_material_breakthrough\"><\/span>4.2 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a HP Multi Jet Fusion \u0645\u0646 HP \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 PA12 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 0.1 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0632<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629: [ISO\/ASTM 52900] \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"summary\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Summary\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f PA \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 (\u0642\u0648\u0629 80MPa \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 1.8 \u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0635\u0628\u0647\u0627 0.1-0.3% (DIN 16901). \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 PA66-GF35 (\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629) \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648 PA12 (\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 [\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f]. \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PA6 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a (UL94 V-0) \u0648PPA \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064a (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 200 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 (PA) 35% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (-40 \u2103 \u0625\u0644\u0649 250 \u2103) (\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0648\u060c 2022). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 [...].","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3398,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3396","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3396","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3396"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3396\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3397,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3396\/revisions\/3397"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3396"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3396"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3396"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}