{"id":2569,"date":"2024-06-14T09:06:40","date_gmt":"2024-06-14T09:06:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/?p=2569"},"modified":"2024-06-14T09:25:25","modified_gmt":"2024-06-14T09:25:25","slug":"nylon-and-polyamide-production-chemical-process","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/nylon-and-polyamide-production-chemical-process\/","title":{"rendered":"Nailono ir poliamido gamybos cheminis procesas"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-650814365\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1919441653\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Turinys<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Perjungti turinio lentel\u0119\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Perjungti<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/nylon-and-polyamide-production-chemical-process\/#Understanding_the_Creation_of_Synthetic_Fibers\" >Sintetini\u0173 pluo\u0161t\u0173 k\u016brimo supratimas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/nylon-and-polyamide-production-chemical-process\/#Sourcing_Monomers_for_Nylon_Production\" >Monomer\u0173 paie\u0161ka nailono gamybai<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/nylon-and-polyamide-production-chemical-process\/#Polyamide_Synthesis_and_Intermediate_Polymerization\" >Poliamid\u0173 sintez\u0117 ir tarpin\u0117 polimerizacija<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/nylon-and-polyamide-production-chemical-process\/#Extruding_Polymers_into_Fibers\" >Polimer\u0173 i\u0161spaudimas \u012f pluo\u0161tus<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/nylon-and-polyamide-production-chemical-process\/#Post-Spinning_Treatments_for_Enhanced_Fiber_Properties\" >Apdorojimas po verpimo siekiant pagerinti pluo\u0161to savybes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/nylon-and-polyamide-production-chemical-process\/#Conclusion_The_Future_of_Synthetic_Fiber_Production\" >I\u0161vados: Sintetinio pluo\u0161to gamybos ateitis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_the_Creation_of_Synthetic_Fibers\"><\/span><strong>Sintetini\u0173 pluo\u0161t\u0173 k\u016brimo supratimas<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/products\/\">Nailonas ir poliamidas<\/a> yra pagrindiniai sintetiniai pluo\u0161tai, suk\u0117l\u0119 revoliucij\u0105 tekstil\u0117s pramon\u0117je. \u0160ios med\u017eiagos, gars\u0117jan\u010dios savo universalumu, tvirtumu ir ilgaam\u017ei\u0161kumu, naudojamos \u012fvairiose srityse - nuo drabu\u017ei\u0173 ir avalyn\u0117s iki automobili\u0173 dali\u0173 ir medicinos prietais\u0173. \u0160iame straipsnyje aptariami sud\u0117tingi cheminiai procesai, vykstantys paver\u010diant pradinius monomerus \u0161iais svarbiausiais polimerais.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"col-694925411\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1852554715\">\n\t\t<a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/products\/nylon-6\/\" >\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Nylon-and-Polyamide-300x281.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Nailonas ir poliamidas\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Nylon-and-Polyamide-300x281.png 300w, https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Nylon-and-Polyamide-768x720.png 768w, https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Nylon-and-Polyamide-13x12.png 13w, https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Nylon-and-Polyamide-600x563.png 600w, https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Nylon-and-Polyamide.png 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1852554715 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sourcing_Monomers_for_Nylon_Production\"><\/span><strong>Monomer\u0173 paie\u0161ka nailono gamybai<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nailono gamyba prasideda nuo pagrindini\u0173 monomer\u0173 sintez\u0117s. Adipo r\u016bg\u0161tis ir heksametilendiaminas (HMDA) yra pagrindin\u0117s chemin\u0117s med\u017eiagos. Adipo r\u016bg\u0161tis susidaro oksiduojant cikloheksan\u0105, o HMDA - vykstant amoniako ir formaldehido reakcijai. \u0160ie du monomerai sujungiami egzotermin\u0117s reakcijos metu, kuri\u0105 palengvina toks katalizatorius kaip stanilo oktoatas, ir susidaro polimeras, kuriam b\u016bdingos pasikartojan\u010dios amidin\u0117s jungtys tarp adipo r\u016bg\u0161ties ir HMDA vienet\u0173.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Polyamide_Synthesis_and_Intermediate_Polymerization\"><\/span><strong>Poliamid\u0173 sintez\u0117 ir tarpin\u0117 polimerizacija<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Poliamidas, ypa\u010d <a href=\"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/products\/nylon-66\/\">nailonas 6,6<\/a>, sintez\u0117s b\u016bdas \u0161iek tiek skiriasi. Nors jo statybiniai blokai taip pat yra adipo r\u016bg\u0161tis ir heksametilendiaminas, \u0161ie monomerai n\u0117ra tiesiogiai polimerizuojami kartu. Vietoj to, kiekvienas j\u0173 i\u0161 prad\u017ei\u0173 polimerizuojamas atskirai, kad susidaryt\u0173 tarpiniai polimerai. V\u0117liau \u0161ie tarpiniai polimerai reaguoja kartu ir, susidarius amidin\u0117ms jungtims, suformuojamas galutinis polimeras. \u0160io proceso metu gaunamas polimeras su pasikartojan\u010diu adipo r\u016bg\u0161ties ir HMDA vienetu, pana\u0161us \u012f nailon\u0105, ta\u010diau gaunamas kitokiu b\u016bdu.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Extruding_Polymers_into_Fibers\"><\/span><strong>Polimer\u0173 i\u0161spaudimas \u012f pluo\u0161tus<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Kai monomerai paver\u010diami polimerais, kitas etapas - pluo\u0161to ekstruzija. Paprastai tai atliekama lydymo b\u016bdu. \u0160io proceso metu polimeras kaitinamas tol, kol suskyst\u0117ja, tada i\u0161spaud\u017eiamas per verpimo aparat\u0105, kad susidaryt\u0173 ploni pluo\u0161tai. \u0160ie pluo\u0161tai greitai at\u0161aldomi ir sukietinami panardinant \u012f vandens voni\u0105 arba au\u0161inant oru, tod\u0117l susidaro kieti, lankst\u016bs pluo\u0161tai, paruo\u0161ti tolesniam apdorojimui.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Post-Spinning_Treatments_for_Enhanced_Fiber_Properties\"><\/span><strong>Apdorojimas po verpimo siekiant pagerinti pluo\u0161to savybes<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Po ekstruzijos pluo\u0161tai \u012fvairiai apdorojami, kad pager\u0117t\u0173 j\u0173 savyb\u0117s. Kad b\u016bt\u0173 suma\u017einta trintis v\u0117lesniuose apdorojimo etapuose, gali b\u016bti naudojami tepalai, o norimoms spalvoms suteikti - da\u017eikliai. Papildoma apdaila gali b\u016bti naudojama siekiant pagerinti pluo\u0161to ilgaam\u017ei\u0161kum\u0105 arba suteikti specifini\u0173 savybi\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, atsparum\u0105 d\u0117m\u0117ms arba vandens nepralaidum\u0105, tod\u0117l pluo\u0161tas gali b\u016bti pritaikomas \u012fvairioms reikm\u0117ms.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion_The_Future_of_Synthetic_Fiber_Production\"><\/span><strong>I\u0161vados: Sintetinio pluo\u0161to gamybos ateitis<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nailono ir poliamido gamyboje nuo monomer\u0173 iki galutinio polimero vyksta daug sud\u0117ting\u0173 chemini\u0173 reakcij\u0173. Gaunami pluo\u0161tai, \u017einomi d\u0117l savo tvirtumo ir universalumo, yra labai svarb\u016bs daugeliui pramon\u0117s \u0161ak\u0173. Tobul\u0117jant technologijoms, kuriant naujus \u0161i\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 gamybos metodus, \u017eadama dar labiau i\u0161pl\u0117sti j\u0173 panaudojimo galimybes ir \u012ftvirtinti j\u0173, kaip nepakei\u010diam\u0173 kasdieni\u0173 gamini\u0173 ir pa\u017eangi\u0173 technologini\u0173 naujovi\u0173 komponent\u0173, vaidmen\u012f.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3><strong><b>DUK apie nailon\u0105 ir poliamid\u0105<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>1.Kas yra nailonas ir poliamidas ir kuo jie skiriasi?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Nailonas ir poliamidas yra sintetiniai polimerai, da\u017eniausiai naudojami tekstil\u0117s gaminiuose ir \u012fvairiose pramon\u0117s srityse. Terminas \"nailonas\" rei\u0161kia tam tikros r\u016b\u0161ies poliamid\u0105, paprastai nailon\u0105 6 arba nailon\u0105 6,6, kuris pasi\u017eymi dideliu stiprumu, elastingumu ir atsparumu dilimui. Poliamidas yra platesn\u0117 kategorija, apimanti \u012fvairi\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 polimerus, pagamintus i\u0161 pasikartojan\u010di\u0173 vienet\u0173, sujungt\u0173 amidin\u0117mis jungtimis, neapsiribojant tik nailonu.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>2. Kokios yra pagrindin\u0117s nailono ir poliamido naudojimo sritys?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Nailono ir poliamido pluo\u0161tai d\u0117l savo ilgaam\u017ei\u0161kumo ir universalumo naudojami daugelyje sri\u010di\u0173. Da\u017eniausiai naudojami:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tekstil\u0117:<\/strong>Drabu\u017eiai, trikota\u017eas ir sportin\u0117 apranga.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Avalyn\u0117:<\/strong>Bat\u0173 batvir\u0161iai ir rai\u0161teliai.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Automobiliai:<\/strong>Tokios dalys kaip oro \u012fsiurbimo kolektoriai, radiatoriaus galiniai bakeliai ir pavar\u0173 d\u0117\u017e\u0117s.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Medicinos prietaisai:<\/strong>Si\u016blai ir kiti medicininiai komponentai.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pramoniniai taikymai:<\/strong>Virv\u0117s, \u017evejybos tinklai ir konvejeri\u0173 juostos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>3. Kaip gaminami nailono monomerai?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Nailono gamyboje pagrindiniai monomerai yra adipo r\u016bg\u0161tis ir heksametilendiaminas (HMDA):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Adipo r\u016bg\u0161tis<\/strong>susidaro oksiduojant cikloheksan\u0105, o \u0161iam procesui naudojama azoto r\u016bg\u0161tis arba oras kaip oksidatoriai.<\/li>\n<li><strong>HMDA<\/strong>sintetinamas reaguojant amoniakui ir formaldehidui, vykstant kelioms chemin\u0117ms reakcijoms, apiman\u010dioms hidrinim\u0105 ir cikloheksanon\u0105.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tada \u0161ie monomerai polimerizuojami vykstant kondensacijos reakcijai ir susidaro nailonas.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>4. Kas yra lydomasis verpimas ir kaip jis naudojamas pluo\u0161to gamyboje?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>Lydymo verpimas<\/strong>\u00a0tai procesas, naudojamas pluo\u0161tams i\u0161 toki\u0173 polimer\u0173 kaip nailonas ir poliamidas gaminti. Polimeras kaitinamas, kol i\u0161tirpsta, ir tada i\u0161spaud\u017eiamas pro ma\u017eytes skylutes \u012frenginyje, vadinamame spinneretu. Kai skystas polimeras i\u0161eina i\u0161 spinnerio, jis atv\u0117sta ir sukiet\u0117ja \u012f plonus pluo\u0161tus. Tada \u0161ie pluo\u0161tai dar labiau i\u0161tempiami ir at\u0161aldomi, kad padid\u0117t\u0173 j\u0173 stiprumas ir lankstumas.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>5. Kod\u0117l nailono ir poliamido pluo\u0161tai po verpimo apdorojami?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Apdorojimas po verpimo yra labai svarbus siekiant pagerinti pluo\u0161to savybes ir paruo\u0161ti j\u012f konkre\u010dioms reikm\u0117ms. Apdorojimas gali b\u016bti toks:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tepimas:<\/strong>Siekiant suma\u017einti trint\u012f audimo ar mezgimo metu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Da\u017eymas:<\/strong>Si\u016bl\u0173 spalvai suteikti pluo\u0161tui spalv\u0173.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Apdaila:<\/strong>pagerinti tokias savybes kaip patvarumas, atsparumas d\u0117m\u0117ms ar vandens nepralaidumas, kad pluo\u0161tai b\u016bt\u0173 tinkamesni tam tikroms reikm\u0117ms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>6. Ar nailono ir poliamido gamyba kelia susir\u016bpinim\u0105 aplinkai?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Taip, yra keletas aplinkosaugos problem\u0173:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Daug i\u0161tekli\u0173 reikalaujanti veikla:<\/strong>Nailono ir poliamido gamybai reikia daug energijos ir vandens.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chemini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 i\u0161metimai:<\/strong>Procesai susij\u0119 su pavojingomis chemin\u0117mis med\u017eiagomis, kurios gali kelti pavoj\u0173 aplinkai, jei n\u0117ra tinkamai valdomos.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Biologi\u0161kai nesuyrantis:<\/strong>Abi med\u017eiagos yra sunkiai biologi\u0161kai skaid\u017eios, tod\u0117l aplinkoje susidaro ilgalaik\u0117s atliekos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0160iuo metu dedamos pastangos kurti tvaresnius gamybos metodus ir veiksmingai perdirbti \u0161iuos polimerus.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>7. Kokia pa\u017eanga padaryta nailono ir poliamido gamyboje?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Pastaruoju metu daugiausia d\u0117mesio skiriama tvarumui ir eksploatacini\u0173 savybi\u0173 gerinimui:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Biologin\u0117s med\u017eiagos:<\/strong>Atliekami moksliniai tyrimai, kuriais siekiama gaminti nailon\u0105 ir poliamid\u0105 i\u0161 atsinaujinan\u010di\u0173 i\u0161tekli\u0173, taip suma\u017einant priklausomyb\u0119 nuo i\u0161kastinio kuro.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Perdirbimo b\u016bdai:<\/strong>Kuriami naujovi\u0161ki metodai nailonui ir poliamidui perdirbti, taip sukuriant \u017eiedin\u012f \u0161i\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 gyvavimo cikl\u0105.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Patobulintos savyb\u0117s:<\/strong>Naujos formul\u0117s ir gamybos b\u016bdai didina \u0161i\u0173 pluo\u0161t\u0173 stiprum\u0105, ilgaam\u017ei\u0161kum\u0105 ir lankstum\u0105, tod\u0117l ple\u010diasi j\u0173 panaudojimo galimyb\u0117s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>8. Kaip vartotojai gali atskirti nailon\u0105 nuo kit\u0173 poliamid\u0173 gaminiuose?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Nors vartotojai ne visada gali atskirti nailon\u0105 nuo kit\u0173 poliamid\u0173 vien i\u0161 \u017evilgsnio, gamini\u0173 etiket\u0117se da\u017enai nurodoma, kokio tipo pluo\u0161tas naudojamas. Pavyzd\u017eiui, drabu\u017ei\u0173 etiket\u0117se gali b\u016bti nurodyta \"nailonas\" arba \"poliamidas\". Be to, su nailonu paprastai siejamos tokios specifin\u0117s savyb\u0117s kaip didelis stiprumas, elastingumas ir atsparumas dilimui.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>9. Kaip pri\u017ei\u016br\u0117ti gaminius, pagamintus i\u0161 nailono ar poliamido?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Tinkama prie\u017ei\u016bra gali pailginti nailono ir poliamido gamini\u0173 tarnavimo laik\u0105:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Skalbimas:<\/strong>Naudokite \u0161velnias plovimo priemones ir \u0161alt\u0105 vanden\u012f, kad i\u0161vengtum\u0117te pa\u017eeidim\u0173 ir i\u0161saugotum\u0117te elastingum\u0105.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u017eiovinimas:<\/strong>Geriau d\u017eiovinti oru. Jei naudojate d\u017eiovykl\u0119, pasirinkite ma\u017e\u0105 kaitr\u0105, kad i\u0161vengtum\u0117te susitraukimo ar i\u0161tirpimo.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lyginimas:<\/strong>Naudokite \u017eem\u0105 temperat\u016br\u0105, kad nepa\u017eeistum\u0117te pluo\u0161to.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Saugojimas:<\/strong>Laikykite v\u0117sioje, sausoje vietoje, atokiau nuo tiesiogini\u0173 saul\u0117s spinduli\u0173, kad med\u017eiaga nesuirt\u0173.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>10. Ar nailonas ir poliamidas gali b\u016bti perdirbami?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Taip, nailon\u0105 ir poliamid\u0105 galima perdirbti. Ta\u010diau perdirbimo procesas, palyginti su kitomis med\u017eiagomis, yra sud\u0117tingesnis d\u0117l j\u0173 stipri\u0173 ir elasting\u0173 savybi\u0173. Pa\u017eang\u016bs cheminio perdirbimo procesai gali suskaidyti \u0161iuos polimerus iki j\u0173 monomer\u0173, kad juos b\u016bt\u0173 galima pakartotinai panaudoti naujuose gaminiuose, taip skatinant tvaresn\u012f \u0161i\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 gyvavimo cikl\u0105.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>11. Koki\u0173 naujovi\u0173 galime sulaukti ateityje nailono ir poliamido gamyboje?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Ateityje gali b\u016bti taikomos \u0161ios naujov\u0117s:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ekologi\u0161ka gamyba:<\/strong>Ekologi\u0161kesni\u0173 proces\u0173, ma\u017einan\u010di\u0173 poveik\u012f aplinkai, k\u016brimas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Patobulintos pluo\u0161to savyb\u0117s:<\/strong>Kuriant puikiomis savyb\u0117mis pasi\u017eymin\u010dius pluo\u0161tus specializuotoms reikm\u0117ms.<\/li>\n<li><strong>I\u0161manioji tekstil\u0117:<\/strong>Technologij\u0173 integravimas \u012f nailono ir poliamido audinius, skirtus d\u0117vimai elektronikai ir reaguojantiems drabu\u017eiams.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tik\u0117tina, kad \u0161ie pasiekimai i\u0161pl\u0117s nailono ir poliamido med\u017eiag\u0173 taikymo sritis ir pagerins j\u0173 tvarum\u0105.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>12. Ar yra koki\u0173 nors sveikatos problem\u0173, susijusi\u0173 su nailono ar poliamido d\u0117v\u0117jimu?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Paprastai nailonas ir poliamidas laikomi saugiais d\u0117v\u0117ti. Ta\u010diau kai kuriems asmenims gali pasireik\u0161ti odos jautrumas arba alergin\u0117s reakcijos. Patartina d\u0117v\u0117ti gaminius i\u0161 patikim\u0173 \u0161altini\u0173 ir laikytis prie\u017ei\u016bros instrukcij\u0173, kad pluo\u0161tai i\u0161likt\u0173 saug\u016bs ir patog\u016bs.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nailono gamybos monomer\u0173 paie\u0161ka Nailono gamyba prasideda nuo pagrindini\u0173 monomer\u0173 sintez\u0117s. Adipo r\u016bg\u0161tis ir heksametilendiaminas (HMDA) yra pagrindin\u0117s chemin\u0117s med\u017eiagos. Adipo r\u016bg\u0161tis gaunama oksiduojant cikloheksan\u0105, o HMDA - vykstant amoniako ir formaldehido reakcijai. Tada \u0161ie du monomerai sujungiami \u012f [...]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2571,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2569"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2569\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2572,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2569\/revisions\/2572"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nylon-granules.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}